Mean Green

There are several steps that a biodiesel company must take so that they can produce and run efficiently. They must write out their own business plan, form a board or group of business people, solicit financing, hire an engineering company, develop their markets, and then finally build their plant and business.

For example the business plan for Clean Fuel of Future (CFF) a company based out of the Ukraine is goes as follows. The company has limited liability and offers 80% shares or outside investors. The other 20% is owned by the founder of the company who is Spivak Mykhaylo. Money allocated to the start-up costs that go a long with legal expenses, maintaining the office and facilities employees salaries, are by the direct owner Spivak Mykhaylo.

He expects the other investors to put money towards the purchase of machinery, equipment, chemicals and fuel. Their mission statement is “CFF is a manufacturing company dedicated to developing better energy solutions for benefit of a whole society. We bring innovative technologies and unlimited supply of energy sources without damaging and polluting environment.”

Their product replaces conventional diesel and becomes the most perspective fuel of the twenty first century due to its environmental friendliness, renew ability and low costs. They intend to make lucrative profit to generate a fair return for their investors and to finance continued growth and continued development in a high quality product. They also maintain a friendly, fair, and creative work environment, which respects diversity, new ideas, and hard work.

They believe that it is important to have competitive prices because of the fact that people are not fully aware of it and do not fully understand they cannot sell it above market price. Their marketing strategy which should be the same marketing strategy of all biodiesel production companies is to have a strong emphasis on the quality and focus on their target markets.

Companies must differentiate biodiesel from other fuels that are on the market. They need to establish clearly why their product is better than others. Produce high quality fuel and offer it at a competitive price due to the fact that fuel is already expensive people will certainly not purchase it if they have it for a higher rate. Make sure that the way they distribute is stable because if consumers can not get to it or purchase it then they will purchase something else. They also must build long term relationships to ensure the companies survival and have loyal long term customers.

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Over the decades, the pharmaceutical industry has done a wonderful job in convincing us there’s always a drug to solve a medical problem. Indeed, if you listen to some critics, they will tell you Big Pharma invents a medical problem and then develops a drug to treat it (in some cases, it may be the other way round). This has undermined the status of the doctors and surgeons who used to rule the roost. In the dim and distant days before we had basic drugs like penicillin, doctors used their experience to pull people through serious illnesses. If you were injured, surgeons sewed you back together again. It was a good team effort all round. How fast things change in seventy years.

If you look around the country right now, you will actually see a lot of men losing their hair. Those whose business it is to guess how many, estimate the number to be around 30 million. Using the most neutral written voice possible, it seems the majority of these men begin losing their hair before they reach the age of 35. There are many possible causes suggested. In the top position comes genetics. It’s all the fault of your wife’s brother’s uncle if you were born in a month with an ‘r’ in it. This is not to say there’s no evidence that male pattern badness runs in families. It often does and through the female line. But we’re no closer to explaining precisely how genes might be contributing to this problem. Nor is there any prospect of being able to do anything about it even if we could identify which genes are misbehaving. Then we get into the usual list of lifestyle choices with excessive alcohol consumption, smoking and unhealthy diets all blamed. And then there’s stress. If all else fails, experts say we’re worrying our hair into falling out. Or perhaps you have a tendency to pull your hair out when under stress – doctors who like to name these problems call this trichotillomania.

So, if you have male pattern baldness, the pharmaceutical industry has come up with the cure – Propecia was an accidental discovery, but the researchers did recognize what they had when the trial results came in. For everyone else, the surgeons have an answer. If you have the money, they will introduce you to the world of hair implants. This borrows from the world of farming. To plant seedlings, you carefully remove them from position A, keeping all their roots intact, and then place them carefully in a newly dug hole at position B. So the surgeon takes three or four hairs as a unit from a part of your head where the hair grows vigorously and replants them into a bald area. Unfortunately there’s no guarantee the hair will grow in the new position and there’s quite a high risk of infection. So you could end up with two sets of holes in your scalp where no hair grows, and all this can cost you about $10,000 a procedure. Expensive and results are not guaranteed! So if you have male pattern baldness, use Propecia as soon as it is diagnosed. Otherwise, learn to live with the baldness.

There are uranium sources all over the United States and the world. It is estimated, by some, that these uranium mines could last for up to 700 years. Other experts believe the sources will last up to 5 billion years. Each of these cases leans toward a far different answer to whether or not nuclear energy is renewable.

The Official Definition of Renewable Says – No

Renewable energy sources are those that will always be there. These sources do not require fossil fuels or mining to continue energy production. Now, taking into account that the 5 billion years mark is true, there is still a finite amount of uranium in the Earth’s soil and thus the energy is not renewable.

Stretching the definition a bit is what many experts choose to do. Five billion years is so far into the future that nuclear energy might as well be considered renewable. But, what about the experts that place uranium mine lifespans at the 700 year mark? Seven hundred years is a second in terms of Earth lifespan and if that is all the uranium left, there is no way nuclear energy can be considered renewable even if the term’s definition is stretched.

The simple answer to the question is no, nuclear energy is not renewable, but that does not mean it is not an effective and useful source of alternative energy. Odds are, there is more than enough uranium to last at least a few thousand years and hopefully, well before then, a true renewable source of energy will be perfected.

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Lately researchers are looking for every possible alternative energy source, this due largely to the world’s energy crisis and the condition of the environment. The top of the list is replacing traditional fossil fuels with alternative and renewable energy.

The main contenders for fuel substitutes are biomass fuels. Biomass fuels are derived from organic plant matter. Ethanol-based bio fuels are extracted from corn. Biodiesel is made up primarily of used vegetable oil and grease. Jatropha oil, which comes from seeds from the Jatropha plant, is also being used to make biofuels. Now added to the list is cellulosic biofuel.

Cellulosic biofuel is very revolutionary in biofuels; this is because it is not plant specific as with Jatropha and and can be generated from both living and dead organic plant matter rather than requiring crops to be grown specifically for the purpose of cellulosic biofuel production, such as ethanol needs corn.

The carbon content in cellulose is what makes it such a good candidate in the quest for biofuel. Cellulose is the most abundant carbon form present in biomass and accounts for around 50% of its weight. Cellulose can be found in most plant matter without the need for land space or water for irrigation giving cellulose biofuel its appeal.

Cellulose is a polysaccharide comprised of a six sugar carbon polymer. Because of its composition and its abundance, cellulosic biofuel is an attractive possibility for mass biofuel production.

The researchers at NASA are further exploring cellulosic biofuel as a viable fuel source. They are researching more efficient processes to convert cellulose to sugar. Once cellulose is converted to its sugar-based form it can be used for other purposes such as chemical agents, food and cellulosic biofuel.

However, the conversion to sugar is requires around 50 hours for the process to take place. You take labor costs and the energy to covert it, and you can see how costly it can become. With time also comes higher production costs. If it would be pssible to cut this process down to 5 hours it would see cellulosic biofuel become cost effective enough to be competitive in a global market.

What scientists hope to accomplish is to refine the process for easier extraction of the complex sugars from cellulose. Because the plant cell walls were designed in nature to be robust and to stand up to the elements, it makes it difficult to break down and extract. Researchers hope to make extraction easier by engineering plant cell walls.

Another hurdle in the production of cellulosic biofuel involves the improvement in enzyme efficiency. They plan to mimic enzyme behavior from animals that are the most efficient at breaking down cell walls such as herbivores like cows and sheep which they believe is the key to cost effective cellulosic biofuel production.

Some of the things we can do to help protect ourselves from increasing oil prices is to conserve what we have now, to use less, and to alter our energy consuming patterns. We need to look into alternative energy sources when they become available to us. If we do these things, cellulosic biofuel could be on the market in as little as 5 years.

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The process of aging is built into our genes and, no matter how hard you try to cover up the signs, the body will follow its programming. So the first and most important rule to follow is never lose your sense of humor. It’s going to happen sooner or later so, when it does, you might as well enjoy it. Once you reach around 45, the muscles start to lose their tone and, unless you exercise on a regular basis, you will find yourself unfit. The first signs are an increase in the amount of body fat and your aerobic capacity drops. This means you will get out of breath more quickly and begin to slow down. If you used to be able to play sport or even run to get out of the rain, the strength and stamina of your youth will fade away. Worse, bone density starts to drop. As if all this is not bad enough, you will also find the level of testosterone drops so you will feel less interested in sex. Yes, it’s almost unimaginable, but libido also fades. With the drop in testosterone and other hormones, the pace of hair thinning and loss increases. Snow appears on the mountain peaks and, over time, it all fades to that pleasing shade of grey before becoming white.

So, for the major changes, you already have that exercise program in place. You are dieting to reduce the amount of fat in your diet and increasing the protein intake to build muscle mass. Changes in hair color can also be masked with dyes, but the one unchanging and unstoppable trend is hair loss. Every time you shed a hair, it grows back more thinly. This makes your age more obvious and thin hair is more likely to fall out of the roots. All this points to a curious medical discrimination. For years, doctors have been debating with women on whether hormone replacement therapy does more harm than good. Yet no doctor seriously suggests men would be helped by a comparable approach. This is not to say doctors don’t prescribe testosterone to men. There are some conditions where this is considered effective. But there’s no suggestion men’s general health will be improved or the aging process slowed if male hormone levels are topped up.

So, coming back to hair loss through aging, this is inevitable and you just have to learn to love it as the years roll by. However, if you are younger and the doctor confirms you have the first signs of male pattern baldness, Propecia is the answer. This emphasizes the need for a clear diagnosis before you start on the treatment. It takes from three to six months before you will see any results from Propecia so, if you do not have male pattern baldness, you will be wasting your time and money on a drug that will do nothing to cure your problem. Do not risk self-diagnosis. Always have a doctor examine your scalp to exclude the other possible causes of hair loss. Then assuming the diagnosis is confirmed, remember the drug is only effective for so long as you take it. Once you stop, the hair loss will resume and accelerate.

Biotechnology and the world of colours have always been intertwined. Nature’s hues and tints are captured in their natural or synthetic state in a variety of market products. The flower markets of natural blood-red roses and gene-designed blue roses recently released in Japan are apt examples.

To-date notwithstanding the awe-inspiring snip and tuck techniques of genetic engineering, the legendary ‘Black Tulip’ of French author Alexander Dumas still remains the ‘Holy Grail of the Tulip world’. Several types from ‘Tulip Queen of Night’ (1944) to T.’Black Hero’ (1984) constitute ‘the category of the ‘blackest of the officially ‘purple’ tulips’.

Nature’s wealth of colours have inspired celebrity painters and poets —French-born Hillarie Belloc describes in verse the morphology of The Microbe with its ‘seven tufted tails with lots of pink and purple spots.’; and schoolchildren to explore the microbial world through the ‘looking-glass’ of Winogradsky’s column with its purple and green bands —consortia of the green and purple photosynthetic bacteria. Blue-green cyanobacteria contribute to the economy of Nature’s important biogeochemical Cycles-the nitrogen cycle.

The Red Sea may derive its colour and name from the red-cyanobacterium — Trichodesmium erythraeum, but the destruction of numerous fish is due to the Red Tide population of the plant-like red-brown dinoflagellates. Pigments help classify the brown, yellow, red and green algae; and protozoa and yeasts such as Euglena and Pichia. Nature’s colour artistry occurs throughout the biospectrum incorporating interalia green and purple bacteria, antibiotic-producing species of Streptomyces and Nocardia, fungi that color cheeses, blue-green anoles, rainbow papaya and trout, and green fluorescent proteins responsible for the coloration of diverse corals and anemones. Green, yellow, orange-red and purple-blue chromoproteins are the raison d’etre of fabled reef colours varying in the spectrum of daylight conditions.

Verily, Nature’s palette of pigments and paints underscores the need of bioresources centres to capture, classify and conserve the planet’s biotreasury lest extinction result from benign neglect and commercial exploitation.
‘Biomimicry…… is a new science that studies nature’s best ideas and then imitates these designs and processes to solve human problems. ……Organisms use two methods to create colour without paint: internal pigments and the structural colour that makes tropical butterflies, peacocks, and hummingbirds so gorgeous. A peacock is a completely brown bird. Its “colours” result from light scattering off regularly spaced melanin rods, and interference effects through thin layers of keratin (the same stuff as your fingernails).’

New military clothing uses fluorescent colours, biosensors and bioinformatics at the nano-level to mimic natural phenomena of biomimicry and chameleonic colours. Geofabrics coloured for appropriate use contribute to landscape and urban management — conservation of golf courses and park-lawns, and safeguarding creative and aesthetic instinct of humankind is embedded in of soil embankments and floral gardens.

The clean and green technologies. The first biodegradable green credit card was issued in 1997. ‘Coral proteins put on the red light’ in marine waters, and coloured glow fish function as indicators of pollution in aquatic reservoirs. Colours used in biotextile grafts make attractive and acceptable use of bioceramic materials in dentistry, medicine orthopaedics, tissue engineering and veterinary science.

Genetic research has contributed to understanding human eye and skin colour. The genesis of coat colours of cats, dogs, rabbits, ponies, etc. has been deciphered. The head colour of birds too. Coat colour alleles are used to produce sublines of mice for studies concerning ageing, cancer, cardiovascular, neurobiological and reproductive biology. The Big Blue mouse is used to research cancer and neurodegenerative disease. Yellow mice help localize gene mutations on specific chromosomes.Custom-made mice — the albino, cream, brown and black models are research keys studying tumour biology. Indeed, ‘the ability to follow coat colours’ requires ‘no complicated tools such as molecular genotyping’ in ‘the breeding and maintenance of mutant strains.’

Colours inspire, motivate and uplift humankind. Clinics and psychological facilities use soothing colours to aid convalescents. Colours exist in sports too. Winners express a sense of national achievement and pride in draping themselves in their national flags. In EURO 2004 – soccer and biopsychology met. To enhance local psychobiological advantage and patriotism the coach of the home team requested fans ‘to wear something red or green’ their national colours ‘toface the orange shirts’ of their opponents’ in a qualifying match.

Corporate biotech is engaged in ‘chasing the rainbow.’ Former Vice-President Al Gore envisioned the ‘pot of gold at the end of the biotechnology rainbow.’ Entrepreneurs, however, focus their quest ‘somewhere over the genetic rainbow’. UN policy-makers use colour-codes in combating, and designing solutions to problems of hunger and poverty. The UN Economic Commission for Africa in 2002 described ‘Realizing the Promise of Green Biotechnology for the Poor’ and ‘Tackling the Diseases of Poverty through Red Biotechnology’ —technologies that involve using genetically-engineered mosquitoes with the potential to eradicate malaria; and gene modified foods —golden rice and orange bananas, enriched with vitamin A to counteract the onset of blindness.

‘Ethical challenges of green biotechnology for developing countries’ arise, and, ‘whether transgenic plants should carry distinguishing markers, such as distinguishing colours, so that they can be identified and not intermixed with other plants of the same species’ is under review for use in regulatory work. In space biology research, transgenic plants using blue and green colours are being developed as biosensors to indicate presence of certain kinds of stress.
Nutritionists talk of a rainbow diet rich in micronutrients and vitamins that make food naturally attractive and appetizing for a ‘good feel’status. Traditional medicine recommends eating naturally coloured foods possessing natural phytonutrients in their skin ingredients. A judicious choice of red (meat), green (salads), yellow (cereals and fruits) and violet (vegetables) foods contributes to the sustenance of long-term good health in combating artificial diabetes and obesity. Blue cheese and black truffles are delicacies without added food colorants; and supermarkets may soon offer carrots in red and purple with the orange variety. ‘Research into different coloured carrots is not about making a fashion statement but about potential health improvements’.

In agro-trade, traffic-colours of amber and green define policies that distort trade of certain commodities. Amber box policies signify ‘caution’ relating to ‘price supports, marketing loans and subsidies, and livestock quantities’. Green box policies cover ‘research, pest and disease control, and crop insurance and conservation programs’. Blue box policies –a temporary WTO category that accommodates transatlantic negotiations, are ‘redefined amber box policies concerning production limiting programs’.

Biotechnologies described in colours spotlight salient aspects of research for economic development. The Cordia-EuropaBio Convention 2003 in Vienna in ‘Blue Biotechnology – Exploitation of Marine Resources’ focused on the ‘Ocean of Opportunities’ for sustaining development through rational use of marine bioresources. Europe’s catalytic role in ‘Green Biotechnology in Africa’ resides in collaborative biotech education, research, development, and market ventures.
In January 2004, a European Commission meeting at the Biosciences ‘Technology Facility’, University of York, UK, recognized that any ‘biotechnology platform, developing bio-based products would have to be a concerted marriage of the ‘White’ together with the ‘Green’ and ‘Blue’ biotechnology sectors’. Unlocking of bottlenecks could be achieved through programmes utilizing ‘the synergies between green, white and blue biotechnologies.’

In 2005, the 12th European Biotechnology Congress will use 4 biotech motors: white (industrial); red (pharmaceutical), green (food and feed) and blue (environment) in ‘Bringing Genomes to Life’ in Denmark.

The use of colour codes is seemingly the lingua franca of science policy in Germany. Sixty percent of the 253 biotechnological firms with some 43,000 employees in a survey by Hessen’s Ministry of Economy were specializing in red biotechnology (diagnosis and treatment of diseases); 4% were specializing in green biotechnology (agriculture, food production); and, 1% was in grey biotechnology (pure industrial processes with an environmental nuance). In Baden-W

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